Car
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Abstract from DBPedia |
乗用車(じょうようしゃ、英: passenger car)、乗用自動車とは、もっぱら人間の移動のために用いられる自動車のことである。ただし、自動二輪車(オートバイ)や中型以上の乗用自動車(バス)は含まれないのが一般的である。また狭義としてタクシー・ハイヤーを除く自家用のものを指す場合もある。対義語としては貨物自動車、商用車、特種用途自動車などがある。 (Source: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Car) A car or automobile is a motor vehicle with wheels. Most definitions of cars say that they run primarily on roads, seat one to eight people, have four wheels, and mainly transport people instead of goods. The year 1886 is regarded as the birth year of the car, when German inventor Carl Benz patented his Benz Patent-Motorwagen. Cars became widely available during the 20th century. One of the first cars affordable by the masses was the 1908 Model T, an American car manufactured by the Ford Motor Company. Cars were rapidly adopted in the US, where they replaced animal-drawn carriages and carts. In Europe and other parts of the world, demand for automobiles did not increase until after World War II. The car is considered an essential part of the developed economy. Cars have controls for driving, parking, passenger comfort, and a variety of lights. Over the decades, additional features and controls have been added to vehicles, making them progressively more complex. These include rear-reversing cameras, air conditioning, navigation systems, and in-car entertainment. Most cars in use in the early 2020s are propelled by an internal combustion engine, fuelled by the combustion of fossil fuels. Electric cars, which were invented early in the history of the car, became commercially available in the 2000s and are predicted to cost less to buy than gasoline cars before 2025. The transition from fossil fuels to electric cars features prominently in most climate change mitigation scenarios, such as Project Drawdown's 100 actionable solutions for climate change. There are costs and benefits to car use. The costs to the individual include acquiring the vehicle, interest payments (if the car is financed), repairs and maintenance, fuel, depreciation, driving time, parking fees, taxes, and insurance. The costs to society include maintaining roads, land use, road congestion, air pollution, public health, healthcare, and disposing of the vehicle at the end of its life. Traffic collisions are the largest cause of injury-related deaths worldwide. Personal benefits include on-demand transportation, mobility, independence, and convenience. Societal benefits include economic benefits, such as job and wealth creation from the automotive industry, transportation provision, societal well-being from leisure and travel opportunities, and revenue generation from taxes. People's ability to move flexibly from place to place has far-reaching implications for the nature of societies. There are around one billion cars in use worldwide. Car usage is increasing rapidly, especially in China, India, and other newly industrialized countries.自動車(じどうしゃ)は、原動機の動力によって車輪を回転させ、軌条や架線を用いずに路上を走る車。広義には自動二輪車(オートバイ)も含むが、本項では四輪自動車について述べる。英語では、"automobile"(オートモービル)、"motorcar"(モーターカー)、"motor vehicle(モータービークル)"、"car(カー)" などという。 (Source: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Car) |