Tariff

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  • tariff
definition
  • A classified list or scale of charges made in any private or public business.
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Abstract from DBPedia
    A tariff is a tax imposed by the government of a country or by a supranational union on imports or exports of goods. Besides being a source of revenue for the government, import duties can also be a form of regulation of foreign trade and policy that taxes foreign products to encourage or safeguard domestic industry. Protective tariffs are among the most widely used instruments of protectionism, along with import quotas and export quotas and other non-tariff barriers to trade. Tariffs can be fixed (a constant sum per unit of imported goods or a percentage of the price) or variable (the amount varies according to the price). Taxing imports means people are less likely to buy them as they become more expensive. The intention is that they buy local products instead, boosting their country's economy. Tariffs therefore provide an incentive to develop production and replace imports with domestic products. Tariffs are meant to reduce pressure from foreign competition and reduce the trade deficit. They have historically been justified as a means to protect infant industries and to allow import substitution industrialization. Tariffs may also be used to rectify artificially low prices for certain imported goods, due to 'dumping', export subsidies or currency manipulation. There is near unanimous consensus among economists that tariffs have a negative effect on economic growth and economic welfare, while free trade and the reduction of trade barriers has a positive effect on economic growth. Although trade liberalization can sometimes result in large and unequally distributed losses and gains, and can, in the short run, cause significant economic dislocation of workers in import-competing sectors, free trade has advantages of lowering costs of goods and services for both producers and consumers.

    関税（かんぜい）とは、広義には国境または国内の特定の地域を通過する物品に対して課される税。狭義には国境関税（外部関税）のみを指す。国内関税がほとんどの国で廃止されている現代社会では、国内産業の保護を目的として又は財政上の理由から輸入貨物に対して課される国境関税をいうことが多く、間接消費税に分類される。また、間接輸入税と書かれる場合がある。

    (Source: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Tariff)

    A tariff is a tax imposed by the government of a country or by a supranational union on imports or exports of goods. Besides being a source of revenue for the government, import duties can also be a form of regulation of foreign trade and policy that taxes foreign products to encourage or safeguard domestic industry. Protective tariffs are among the most widely used instruments of protectionism, along with import quotas and export quotas and other non-tariff barriers to trade. Tariffs can be fixed (a constant sum per unit of imported goods or a percentage of the price) or variable (the amount varies according to the price). Taxing imports means people are less likely to buy them as they become more expensive. The intention is that they buy local products instead, boosting their country's economy. Tariffs therefore provide an incentive to develop production and replace imports with domestic products. Tariffs are meant to reduce pressure from foreign competition and reduce the trade deficit. They have historically been justified as a means to protect infant industries and to allow import substitution industrialization. Tariffs may also be used to rectify artificially low prices for certain imported goods, due to 'dumping', export subsidies or currency manipulation. There is near unanimous consensus among economists that tariffs have a negative effect on economic growth and economic welfare, while free trade and the reduction of trade barriers has a positive effect on economic growth. Although trade liberalization can sometimes result in large and unequally distributed losses and gains, and can, in the short run, cause significant economic dislocation of workers in import-competing sectors, free trade has advantages of lowering costs of goods and services for both producers and consumers.

    統計品目番号（とうけいひんもくばんごう）とは、国際貿易商品の名称・分類を世界的に統一した6桁の品目番号で、関税・統計等に関して世界の主要国で使用されているものである。英語では、Harmonized System Code、略してH.S.Codeと呼ばれることが多い。HSコードは別名：Harmonized Code, Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System、ハーモナイズド・コード、HTSUSA番号（Harmonized Tariff Schedule USA、米国での名称）。 但し、実務上は各国税関担当者の判断や文化的背景等により、輸出国側と輸入国側で同一の番号が割り振られないケースもあり、信用状等に明記されていた場合どちらかの税関にて指摘される可能性があるので注意が必要である。世界税関機構(WCO)が管理しており、5年ごとに見直され改定されている。

    (Source: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Tariff)