Pharmacology

prefLabel
  • pharmacology
definition
  • The science dealing with the nature and properties of drugs, particularly their actions.
inScheme
broader
Abstract from DBPedia
    Pharmacology is a branch of medicine, biology and pharmaceutical sciences concerned with drug or medication action, where a drug may be defined as any artificial, natural, or endogenous (from within the body) molecule which exerts a biochemical or physiological effect on the cell, tissue, organ, or organism (sometimes the word pharmacon is used as a term to encompass these endogenous and exogenous bioactive species). More specifically, it is the study of the interactions that occur between a living organism and chemicals that affect normal or abnormal biochemical function. If substances have medicinal properties, they are considered pharmaceuticals. The field encompasses drug composition and properties,functions,sources,synthesis and drug design, molecular and cellular mechanisms, organ/systems mechanisms, signal transduction/cellular communication, molecular diagnostics, interactions, chemical biology, therapy, and medical applications and antipathogenic capabilities. The two main areas of pharmacology are pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. Pharmacodynamics studies the effects of a drug on biological systems, and pharmacokinetics studies the effects of biological systems on a drug. In broad terms, pharmacodynamics discusses the chemicals with biological receptors, and pharmacokinetics discusses the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of chemicals from the biological systems. Pharmacology is not synonymous with pharmacy and the two terms are frequently confused. Pharmacology, a biomedical science, deals with the research, discovery, and characterization of chemicals which show biological effects and the elucidation of cellular and organismal function in relation to these chemicals. In contrast, pharmacy, a health services profession, is concerned with the application of the principles learned from pharmacology in its clinical settings; whether it be in a dispensing or clinical care role. In either field, the primary contrast between the two is their distinctions between direct-patient care, pharmacy practice, and the science-oriented research field, driven by pharmacology.

    薬理学(やくりがく、英: Pharmacology)は生体内外の物質と生体の相互作用を、種々の研究方法により個体、臓器、組織、細胞、分子のレベルを貫いて総合的に研究し、さらに創薬・育薬などの薬物の疾病治療への応用を視野に入れ、薬物治療の基盤を確立する科学であると定義される。薬物と生体の相互作用の結果生じた現象の解析には解剖学、生理学、生化学、分子生物学、遺伝学、機能形態学などの基礎医学の知識が要求される。解析に用いる手法や対象により薬理学は様々な分野に細分化される。

    (Source: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Pharmacology)