| Abstract from DBPedia | Industrial waste is the waste produced by industrial activity which includes any material that is rendered useless during a manufacturing process such as that of factories, mills, and mining operations. Types of industrial waste include dirt and gravel, masonry and concrete, scrap metal, oil, solvents, chemicals, scrap lumber, even vegetable matter from restaurants. Industrial waste may be solid, semi-solid or liquid in form. It may be hazardous waste (some types of which are toxic) or non-hazardous waste. Industrial waste may pollute the nearby soil or adjacent water bodies, and can contaminate groundwater, lakes, streams, rivers or coastal waters. Industrial waste is often mixed into municipal waste, making accurate assessments difficult. An estimate for the US goes as high as 7.6 billion tons of industrial waste produced annually, as of 2017. Most countries have enacted legislation to deal with the problem of industrial waste, but strictness and compliance regimes vary. Enforcement is always an issue.産業廃棄物（さんぎょうはいきぶつ）は、日本やシンガポールなどの法制度で用いられている廃棄物の区分。「産廃」（さんぱい）と略される。日本の廃棄物の処理及び清掃に関する法律では、廃棄物をまず一般廃棄物と産業廃棄物に大別する。シンガポールでは一般廃棄物を産業廃棄物、商業廃棄物、家庭廃棄物等に区分しており、産業廃棄物は一般廃棄物の一種である（廃棄物回収分類では一般廃棄物と有害産業廃棄物に区別され、一般廃棄物に含まれるものは「非有害産業廃棄物」として扱う）。このほか米国のように、廃棄物を有害廃棄物と非有害廃棄物から大別する法制度もあるなど、産業廃棄物の位置づけは世界共通ではないが、行政上のindustrial wasteの訳語としても用いられる。 (Source: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Industrial_waste) |
