| Abstract from DBPedia | Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter that has a property of electric charge. Electricity is related to magnetism, both being part of the phenomenon of electromagnetism, as described by Maxwell's equations. Various common phenomena are related to electricity, including lightning, static electricity, electric heating, electric discharges and many others. The presence of an electric charge, which can be either positive or negative, produces an electric field. The movement of electric charges is an electric current and produces a magnetic field. When a charge is placed in a location with a non-zero electric field, a force will act on it. The magnitude of this force is given by Coulomb's law. If the charge moves, the electric field would be doing work on the electric charge. Thus we can speak of electric potential at a certain point in space, which is equal to the work done by an external agent in carrying a unit of positive charge from an arbitrarily chosen reference point to that point without any acceleration and is typically measured in volts. Electricity is at the heart of many modern technologies, being used for:
* Electric power where electric current is used to energise equipment;
* Electronics which deals with electrical circuits that involve active electrical components such as vacuum tubes, transistors, diodes and integrated circuits, and associated passive interconnection technologies. Electrical phenomena have been studied since antiquity, though progress in theoretical understanding remained slow until the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The theory of electromagnetism was developed in the 19th century, and by the end of that century electricity was being put to industrial and residential use by electrical engineers. The rapid expansion in electrical technology at this time transformed industry and society, becoming a driving force for the Second Industrial Revolution. Electricity's extraordinary versatility means it can be put to an almost limitless set of applications which include transport, heating, lighting, communications, and computation. Electrical power is now the backbone of modern industrial society.電気（でんき、英: electricity）は、電荷の移動や相互作用で起こる様々な物理現象の総称。雷、静電気といった日常的な現象の他、電磁場や電磁誘導といった電気工学に応用される現象も含む。 エネルギー源として電気を利用できる範囲は広い。交通機関の動力源、空気調和、照明など、多様な用途がある。商用電源は現代社会のインフラであり、今後も当分の間はその位置に留まると見られている。また、電気工学は電子工学へ発展し、電気通信、コンピュータなどが開発され、広く普及している。 (Source: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Electricity) |
