| Abstract from DBPedia | Economics (/ˌɛkəˈnɒmɪks, ˌiːkə-/) is the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. Economics focuses on the behaviour and interactions of economic agents and how economies work. Microeconomics analyzes what's viewed as basic elements in the economy, including individual agents and markets, their interactions, and the outcomes of interactions. Individual agents may include, for example, households, firms, buyers, and sellers. Macroeconomics analyzes the economy as a system where production, consumption, saving, and investment interact, and factors affecting it: employment of the resources of labour, capital, and land, currency inflation, economic growth, and public policies that have impact on these elements. Other broad distinctions within economics include those between positive economics, describing "what is", and normative economics, advocating "what ought to be"; between economic theory and applied economics; between rational and behavioural economics; and between mainstream economics and heterodox economics. Economic analysis can be applied throughout society, including business, finance, health care, engineering and government. It is also applied to such diverse subjects as crime, education, the family, feminism, law, philosophy, politics, religion, social institutions, war, science, and the environment.経済学（けいざいがく、英: economics）とは、経済についての学問領域、経済現象を対象とする社会科学の一領域である。 英語圏では従来political economy（政治経済学)と呼ばれてきたが、19 世紀後半以降、economics（経済学）と呼ばれるようになった。原語であるeconomicsという語彙は、新古典派経済学者アルフレッド・マーシャルの主著『経済学原理』（英: Principles of Economics, 1890年）によって誕生・普及したとされている。 (Source: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Economics) |
