| Abstract from DBPedia | A disease is a particular abnormal condition that negatively affects the structure or function of all or part of an organism, and that is not immediately due to any external injury. Diseases are often known to be medical conditions that are associated with specific signs and symptoms. A disease may be caused by external factors such as pathogens or by internal dysfunctions. For example, internal dysfunctions of the immune system can produce a variety of different diseases, including various forms of immunodeficiency, hypersensitivity, allergies and autoimmune disorders. In humans, disease is often used more broadly to refer to any condition that causes pain, dysfunction, distress, social problems, or death to the person affected, or similar problems for those in contact with the person. In this broader sense, it sometimes includes injuries, disabilities, , syndromes, infections, isolated symptoms, deviant behaviors, and atypical variations of structure and function, while in other contexts and for other purposes these may be considered distinguishable categories. Diseases can affect people not only physically, but also mentally, as contracting and living with a disease can alter the affected person's perspective on life. Death due to disease is called death by natural causes. There are four main types of disease: infectious diseases, deficiency diseases, hereditary diseases (including both genetic diseases and non-genetic hereditary diseases), and physiological diseases. Diseases can also be classified in other ways, such as communicable versus non-communicable diseases. The deadliest diseases in humans are coronary artery disease (blood flow obstruction), followed by cerebrovascular disease and lower respiratory infections. In developed countries, the diseases that cause the most sickness overall are neuropsychiatric conditions, such as depression and anxiety. The study of disease is called pathology, which includes the study of etiology, or cause.病気（びょうき, 英語: Disease）、病（やまい）は、人や動物の心や体に不調または不都合が生じた状態のことと、植物に細菌やウイルスが寄生し、腐敗やの状態が普通の状態では無くなっている状態。詳しくは、植物病理学を参照。一般的に外傷などは含まれない。病気の類似概念としての、症候群（しょうこうぐん）、疾病（しっぺい）、疾患（しっかん）は、本記事でまとめて解説する。別の読みである、病気（やまいけ）は、病気が起こるような気配をいう。 病むという事は、身体的、精神的、社会的生活のどこかが不健康であるというサインである。人はこのサインを受け止め、日常生活を修正し、病因について管理・治療を受ければ、多くの病気は早期に消失し、今まで以上に健康な日常生活を手に入れることができる。すなわち病むという体験は、これまでの身体的、精神的、社会的生活を振り返り、己の生き方、価値観、時間の使い方などを振り返って見直すである（セルフケア不足看護理論）。病むことは、これまでと違った新しい人生を手に入れ、自己成長を得る切っ掛けとなるのである。 (Source: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Disease) |
