| Abstract from DBPedia | Clothing (also known as clothes, apparel, and attire) are items worn on the body. Typically, clothing is made of fabrics or textiles, but over time it has included garments made from animal skin and other thin sheets of materials and natural products found in the environment, put together. The wearing of clothing is mostly restricted to human beings and is a feature of all human societies. The amount and type of clothing worn depends on gender, body type, social factors, and geographic considerations. Garments cover the body, footwear covers the feet, gloves cover the hands, while hats and headgear cover the head. Eyewear and jewelry are not generally considered items of clothing, but play an important role in fashion and clothing as costume. Clothing serves many purposes: it can serve as protection from the elements, rough surfaces, sharp stones, rash-causing plants, insect bites, by providing a barrier between the skin and the environment. Clothing can insulate against cold or hot conditions, and it can provide a hygienic barrier, keeping infectious and toxic materials away from the body. It can protect feet from injury and discomfort or facilitate navigation in varied environments. Clothing also provides protection from ultraviolet radiation. It may be used to prevent glare or increase visual acuity in harsh environments, such as brimmed hats. Clothing is used for protection against injury in specific tasks and occupations, sports, and warfare. Fashioned with pockets, belts, or loops, clothing may provide a means to carry things while freeing the hands. Clothing has significant social factors as well. Wearing clothes is a variable social norm. It may connote modesty. Being deprived of clothing in front of others may be embarrassing. In many parts of the world, not wearing clothes in public so that genitals, breasts, or buttocks are visible could be considered indecent exposure. Pubic area or genital coverage is the most frequently encountered minimum found cross-culturally and regardless of climate, implying social convention as the basis of customs. Clothing also may be used to communicate social status, wealth, group identity, and individualism. Some forms of personal protective equipment amount to clothing, such as coveralls, chaps or a doctor's white coat, with similar requirements for maintenance and cleaning as other textiles (boxing gloves function both as protective equipment and as a sparring weapon, so the equipment aspect rises above the glove aspect). More specialized forms of protective equipment, such as face shields are classified protective accessories. At the far extreme, self-enclosing diving suits or space suits are form fitting body covers, and amount to a form of dress, without being clothing per se, while containing enough high technology to amount to more of a tool than a garment. This line will continue to blur as wearable technology embeds assistive devices directly into the fabric itself; the enabling innovations are ultra low power consumption and flexible electronic substrates. Clothing also hybridizes into a personal transportation system (ice skates, roller skates, cargo pants, other outdoor survival gear, one-man band) or concealment system (stage magicians, hidden linings or pockets in tradecraft, integrated holsters for concealed carry, merchandise-laden trench coats on the black market — where the purpose of the clothing often carries over into disguise). A mode of dress fit to purpose, whether stylistic or functional, is known as an outfit or ensemble.被服（ひふく）とは、身体に着用するものである。人体の保護や装飾、社会的地位の表象等のために発展してきたもので、人間の文化の主要構成要素の一つである。最も典型的には、布（布帛）を縫合して着用に適した形状に仕立てた繊維製品である。また物品の元の目的が着用にない場合でも、これを身につけることで被服と捉えられる場合がある。 被服と類似の用語として、衣服（いふく）、衣（ころも・きぬ）、服（ふく）、衣類（いるい）、衣料・衣料品（いりょうひん）、着物（きもの）等がある。被服と衣料・衣料品は同義で、身体を包む物の総称。衣服、服、衣類は、被服からかぶりものや履物、装身具を除いた物。着物は古典的な意味は衣服と同義だが、現代では主に和服と同義。衣は主に上半身を包む物を指す。 また、服飾、服装、衣装（衣裳）などの語も存在する。これらの用語は意味範囲が重複するものであるが、繊維等製品の製造や機能面に関する学術研究や教育・行政分野等では「被服」の語が用いられ（陸軍被服本廠や被服学など）、衣服文化を取り扱う分野においては服飾の用語が用いられる傾向がある（服飾史等）。本項では便宜上、製品としての被服について扱う。 (Source: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Clothing) |
