| Abstract from DBPedia | A ceramic is any of the various hard, brittle, heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials made by shaping and then firing an inorganic, nonmetallic material, such as clay, at a high temperature. Common examples are earthenware, porcelain, and brick. The earliest ceramics made by humans were pottery objects (pots, vessels or vases) or figurines made from clay, either by itself or mixed with other materials like silica, hardened and sintered in fire. Later, ceramics were glazed and fired to create smooth, colored surfaces, decreasing porosity through the use of glassy, amorphous ceramic coatings on top of the crystalline ceramic substrates. Ceramics now include domestic, industrial and building products, as well as a wide range of materials developed for use in advanced ceramic engineering, such as in semiconductors. The word "ceramic" comes from the Greek word κεραμικός (keramikos), "of pottery" or "for pottery", from κέραμος (keramos), "potter's clay, tile, pottery". The earliest known mention of the root "ceram-" is the Mycenaean Greek ke-ra-me-we, workers of ceramic written in Linear B syllabic script. The word ceramic can be used as an adjective to describe a material, product or process, or it may be used as a noun, either singular, or more commonly, as the plural noun "ceramics".セラミックスまたはセラミック（英語: ceramic）とは、狭義には陶磁器を指すが、広義では窯業製品の総称として用いられ、無機物を加熱処理し焼き固めた焼結体を指す。金属や非金属を問わず、酸化物、炭化物、窒化物、ホウ化物などの無機化合物の成形体、粉末、膜など無機固体材料の総称として用いられている。伝統的なセラミックスの原料は、粘土や珪石等の天然物である。なお、一般的に純金属や合金の単体では「焼結体」とならないためセラミックスとは呼ばれない。 (Source: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ceramic) |
