| Abstract from DBPedia | The Holocene ( /ˈhɒl.əˌsiːn, ˈhɒl.oʊ-, ˈhoʊ.lə-, ˈhoʊ.loʊ-/ ) is the current geological epoch. It began approximately 11,650 cal years before present (c. 9700 BCE), after the Last Glacial Period, which concluded with the Holocene glacial retreat. The Holocene and the preceding Pleistocene together form the Quaternary period. The Holocene has been identified with the current warm period, known as MIS 1. It is considered by some to be an interglacial period within the Pleistocene Epoch, called the Flandrian interglacial. The Holocene corresponds with the rapid proliferation, growth and impacts of the human species worldwide, including all of its written history, technological revolutions, development of major civilizations, and overall significant transition towards urban living in the present. The human impact on modern-era Earth and its ecosystems may be considered of global significance for the future evolution of living species, including approximately synchronous lithospheric evidence, or more recently hydrospheric and atmospheric evidence of the human impact. In July 2018, the International Union of Geological Sciences split the Holocene Epoch into three distinct ages based on the climate, Greenlandian (11,700 years ago to 8,200 years ago), Northgrippian (8,200 years ago to 4,200 years ago) and Meghalayan (4,200 years ago to the present), as proposed by International Commission on Stratigraphy. The oldest age, the Greenlandian was characterized by a warming following the preceding ice age. The Northgrippian Age is known for vast cooling due to a disruption in ocean circulations that was caused by the melting of glaciers. The most recent age of the Holocene is the present Meghalayan, which began with extreme drought that lasted around 200 years.完新世（かんしんせい、Holocene）は、地質時代区分（世）のうちで最も新しい時代である。第四紀の第二の世であると同時に、現代を含む。かつての沖積世（Alluvium）とはほぼ同義である。 最終氷期が終わる約1万年前から現在まで（近未来も含む）を指し、その境界は、大陸ヨーロッパにおける氷床の消滅をもって定義された。現在は、ヤンガードリアス期の終了と定義されており、グリーンランド中央部から採取された氷床コアの研究に基づき、GSSPによってその下限が定義され、0.0117Ma （1万1,700年前から2000年前）以降の時代を指すとされている。 特に20世紀以降、人間の開発による環境変動が顕著になったため、新しい時代として人新世が提案されている。 (Source: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Holocene) |
