| definition |
- Nitric Acid (HNO3) is a corrosive, non-volatile, inorganic acid. It is formed by the conversion of nitrogen oxide into nitrogen dioxide, and then into nitric acid, which is highly water soluble. This solubility allows easy removal of nitric acid from the troposphere into rain - commonly referred to as acid rain. Nitric acid has a relatively low concentration in the atmosphere but provides an important role in the production of sulfuric acid by acting as a catalyst in the conversion of sulfur dioxide to sulfuric acid. [T.E Graedel and Paul J. Crutzen. Atmospheric Change:
An Earth System Perspective. WH Freeman and Co, NY.1993.]
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| Abstract from DBPedia | Nitric acid is the inorganic compound with the formula HNO3. It is a highly corrosive mineral acid. The compound is colorless, but older samples tend to be yellow cast due to decomposition into oxides of nitrogen. Most commercially available nitric acid has a concentration of 68% in water. When the solution contains more than 86% HNO3, it is referred to as fuming nitric acid. Depending on the amount of nitrogen dioxide present, fuming nitric acid is further characterized as red fuming nitric acid at concentrations above 86%, or white fuming nitric acid at concentrations above 95%. Nitric acid is the primary reagent used for nitration – the addition of a nitro group, typically to an organic molecule. While some resulting nitro compounds are shock- and thermally-sensitive explosives, a few are stable enough to be used in munitions and demolition, while others are still more stable and used as pigments in inks and dyes. Nitric acid is also commonly used as a strong oxidizing agent.硝酸（しょうさん、英: nitric acid、独: Salpetersäure）は窒素のオキソ酸で、化学式 HNO3 で表される。代表的な強酸の1つで、様々な金属と反応して塩を形成する。有機化合物のニトロ化に用いられる。硝酸は消防法第2条第7項及び別表第一第6類3号により危険物第6類に指定され、硝酸を 10 % 以上含有する溶液は医薬用外劇物にも指定されている。 濃硝酸に二酸化窒素、四酸化二窒素を溶かしたものは発煙硝酸、赤煙硝酸と呼ばれ、さらに強力な酸化力を持つ。その強力な酸化力を利用してロケットの酸化剤や推進剤として用いられる。 (Source: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Nitric_acid) |
