| Abstract from DBPedia | The Carboniferous (/ˌkɑːrbəˈnɪfərəs/ KAHR-bə-NIF-ər-əs) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic that spans 60 million years from the end of the Devonian Period 358.9 million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Permian Period, 298.9 million years ago. The name Carboniferous means "coal-bearing", from the Latin carbō ("coal") and ferō ("bear, carry"), and refers to the many coal beds formed globally during that time. The first of the modern 'system' names, it was coined by geologists William Conybeare and William Phillips in 1822, based on a study of the British rock succession. The Carboniferous is often treated in North America as two geological periods, the earlier Mississippian and the later Pennsylvanian. Terrestrial animal life was well established by the Carboniferous Period. Tetrapods (four limbed vertebrates), which had originated from lobe-finned fish during the preceding Devonian, became pentadactylous in and diversified during the Carboniferous, including early amphibian lineages such as temnospondyls, with the first appearance of amniotes, including synapsids (the group to which modern mammals belong) and reptiles during the late Carboniferous. The period is sometimes called the Age of Amphibians, during which amphibians became dominant land vertebrates and diversified into many forms including lizard-like, snake-like, and crocodile-like. Insects would undergo a major radiation during the late Carboniferous. Vast swaths of forest covered the land, which would eventually be laid down and become the coal beds characteristic of the Carboniferous stratigraphy evident today. The later half of the period experienced glaciations, low sea level, and mountain building as the continents collided to form Pangaea. A minor marine and terrestrial extinction event, the Carboniferous rainforest collapse, occurred at the end of the period, caused by climate change.石炭紀（せきたんき、Carboniferous period）は、地質時代の区分のひとつ。古生代の後半で、デボン紀の後、ペルム紀の前の時代を指し、これはおおよそ現在より3億5920万年前から2億9900万年前までの時期にあたる。この期間はデボン紀末の大量絶滅からペルム紀直前の数百万年に及ぶ氷河時代で区切られている。 名前の由来はこの時代の地層から多く石炭を産することによる。この地層から石炭を産するのは当時非常に大きな森林が形成されていたことの傍証となる。 北米では石炭紀の前半をミシシッピ紀（Mississippian）、後半をペンシルベニア紀 (Pennsylvanian) と呼ぶ研究者もいる。これらはおおよそ3億2300万年前よりも前か後かで分けられる。 (Source: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Carboniferous) |
