Chlorine nitrate

prefLabel
  • Chlorine Nitrate
definition
  • ClONO2 - This is a stratospheric reservoir species for chlorine and nitrogen, two of the catalysts in the breakdown of ozone. It reacts with HCl at low temperatures on the surfaces of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs over Antarctica and possibly in the stratosphere over the Arctic). That normally slow reaction heterogeneously produces molecular chlorine and nitric acid. The former outgases from the PSC surface and is quickly photolyzed by 450 nm or shorter wavelength light to form chlorine radicals which rapidly catalyze the breakdown of ozone (see chlorine monoxide). [Science; v 238; pages 1258-1260; 1987.] [Science; v 258; pages 1342-1345; 1992.]
broader
Abstract from DBPedia
    Chlorine nitrate, with chemical formula ClNO3 is an important atmospheric gas present in the stratosphere. It is an important sink of chlorine that contributes to the depletion of ozone. It explosively reacts with metals, metal chlorides, alcohols, ethers, and most organic materials. When it is heated to decomposition, it emits toxic fumes of Cl2 and NOx. It can be produced by the reaction of dichlorine monoxide and dinitrogen pentoxide at 0 °C: Cl2O + N2O5 → 2 ClONO2 or by the reaction: ClF + HNO3 → HF + ClONO2 It can also react with alkenes: (CH3)2C=CH2 + ClONO2 → O2NOC(CH3)2CH2Cl Chlorine nitrate reacts with metal chlorides: 4 ClONO2 + TiCl4 → Ti(NO3)4 + 4 Cl2

    硝酸塩素（しょうさんえんそ、Chlorine nitrate）は、成層圏に存在する重要な大気ガスの一つ。オゾン減少に関与する塩素の大気降下物である。 成層圏に存在する塩素の大部分は硝酸塩素と塩化水素の形で存在するが両方とも通常の状態では不活性な物質である。しかし、固体や液体が存在すると塩化水素と反応して塩素と硝酸に分解する。 +→ + ここで生成した塩素は強力な紫外線によって容易に塩素ラジカルに分解され、オゾンを酸素に分解する。 Cl・ + O3 → ClO・ + O2ClO・ + [O] → Cl・ + O2

    (Source: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Chlorine_nitrate)