| Abstract from DBPedia | A carbonate is a salt of carbonic acid (H2CO3), characterized by the presence of the carbonate ion, a polyatomic ion with the formula CO2−3. The word carbonate may also refer to a carbonate ester, an organic compound containing the carbonate group C(=O)(O–)2. The term is also used as a verb, to describe carbonation: the process of raising the concentrations of carbonate and bicarbonate ions in water to produce carbonated water and other carbonated beverages – either by the addition of carbon dioxide gas under pressure or by dissolving carbonate or bicarbonate salts into the water. In geology and mineralogy, the term "carbonate" can refer both to carbonate minerals and carbonate rock (which is made of chiefly carbonate minerals), and both are dominated by the carbonate ion, CO2−3. Carbonate minerals are extremely varied and ubiquitous in chemically precipitated sedimentary rock. The most common are calcite or calcium carbonate, CaCO3, the chief constituent of limestone (as well as the main component of mollusc shells and coral skeletons); dolomite, a calcium-magnesium carbonate CaMg(CO3)2; and siderite, or iron(II) carbonate, FeCO3, an important iron ore. Sodium carbonate ("soda" or "natron") and potassium carbonate ("potash") have been used since antiquity for cleaning and preservation, as well as for the manufacture of glass. Carbonates are widely used in industry, such as in iron smelting, as a raw material for Portland cement and lime manufacture, in the composition of ceramic glazes, and more.炭酸塩（たんさんえん、英: carbonate）は、炭酸イオン（carbonate、CO32−）を含む化合物の総称である。英語の carbonate は炭酸塩と炭酸イオンの他、炭酸エステル、炭酸塩化、炭化、飲料などに炭酸を加える操作のことも指す。無機炭素化合物の一種で、炭酸塩の中には、生物にとって重要な物質である炭酸カルシウムや、産業にとって重要な炭酸ナトリウムなどがある。炭酸塩はアルカリ金属以外は水に溶けないものが多い。一般に加熱により二酸化炭素を発生してを生じる。 (Source: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Carbonate) |
