| Abstract from DBPedia | A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town (although the word is often used to describe both hamlets and smaller towns), with a population typically ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand. Though villages are often located in rural areas, the term urban village is also applied to certain urban neighborhoods. Villages are normally permanent, with fixed dwellings; however, transient villages can occur. Further, the dwellings of a village are fairly close to one another, not scattered broadly over the landscape, as a dispersed settlement. In the past, villages were a usual form of community for societies that practice subsistence agriculture, and also for some non-agricultural societies. In Great Britain, a hamlet earned the right to be called a village when it built a church. In many cultures, towns and cities were few, with only a small proportion of the population living in them. The Industrial Revolution attracted people in larger numbers to work in mills and factories; the concentration of people caused many villages to grow into towns and cities. This also enabled specialization of labor and crafts, and development of many trades. The trend of urbanization continues, though not always in connection with industrialization. Historically homes were situated together for sociability and defiance, and land surrounding the living quarters was farmed. Traditional fishing villages were based on artisan fishing and located adjacent to fishing grounds. In toponomastic terminology, names of individual villages are called Comonyms (from Ancient Greek κώμη / village and ὄνυμα / name, [cf. ὄνομα]).村落（そんらく、英語: village, hamlet）とは、人口や家屋の密度が小さい集落を指す学術用語。一般的には農村などの呼称が用いられることが多い。対義語は都市。 地理学的概念である集落に対して、村落は、人間関係の社会的・文化的な統合状態に基づく社会学的概念である。広義では地縁集団にも含まれるが、村落は、地縁集団に比べて、人間関係の社会的、文化的な自律的統合単位でなければならず、政治的な単位として形成されている地域社会の一種として位置づけられる。 (Source: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Village) |
